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Compare Norfolk Island (2004) - Saint Helena (2004)
Compare Norfolk Island (2004) z Saint Helena (2004)
| Norfolk Island (2004) | Saint Helena (2004) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha* |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 20.2%
15-64 years: 63.9% 65 years and over: 15.9% (2004 est.) |
0-14 years: 18.9% (male 710; female 689)
15-64 years: 71.4% (male 2,739; female 2,559) 65 years and over: 9.7% (male 319; female 399) (2004 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry | corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha) |
| Airports | 1 (2003 est.) | 1 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
total: 1
over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total: 34.6 sq km
land: 34.6 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 410 sq km
land: 410 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Saint Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands |
| Area - comparative | about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. | Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 12.68 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $4.6 million
expenditures: $4.8 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93) |
revenues: $11.2 million
expenditures: $11 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93) |
| Capital | Kingston | Jamestown |
| Climate | subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation | Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena) |
| Coastline | 32 km | 60 km |
| Constitution | Norfolk Island Act of 1979 | 1 January 1989 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island
conventional short form: Norfolk Island |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Saint Helena |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | Saint Helenian pound (SHP) |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 6.47 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Debt - external | NA | NA (1996) |
| Dependency status | territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories | overseas territory of the UK |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | NA | $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997) |
| Economy - overview | Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. | The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, the raising of livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 4.65 million kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 5 million kWh (2001) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Bates 319 m |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | NA |
| Ethnic groups | descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians | African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25% |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999) | Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)
head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004) election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)
head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief David HOLLAMBY (since 1999); Michael CLANCY (taking office in October 2004) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch |
| Exports | $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92) | NA (2001) |
| Exports - commodities | postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados | fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe | US 26.7%, Tanzania 21.9%, Indonesia 9.4%, UK 8.7%, Japan 7.4%, Netherlands 7.2%, Nigeria 6.8%, Poland 5%, Spain 4.9% (2003) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band | blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - NA | purchasing power parity - $18 million (1998 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - NA | purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA | NA |
| Geographic coordinates | 29 02 S, 167 57 E | 15 56 S, 5 42 W |
| Geography - note | most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated | harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns |
| Highways | total: 80 km
paved: 53 km unpaved: 27 km (2001) |
total: 198 km (Saint Helena 138 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 20 km)
paved: 168 km (Saint Helena 118km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) unpaved: 30 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) (2000) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) | NA (2001) |
| Imports - commodities | NA | food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts |
| Imports - partners | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe | UK 29.1%, South Africa 24.7%, Spain 16.4%, Italy 8.8%, Tanzania 8.2%, US 5.8% (2003) |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA | NA |
| Industries | tourism | construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
total: 19.85 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 23.7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.81 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA | 3.2% (1997 est.) |
| International organization participation | UPU | ICFTU, UPU |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions | Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court |
| Labor force | NA | 3,500
note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | tourism NA, subsistence agriculture NA | agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) |
arable land: 12.9%
permanent crops: 0% other: 87.1% (2001) |
| Languages | English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian | English |
| Legal system | based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law | NA |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9 |
unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 27 June 2001 (next to be held NA June 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 15 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years |
total population: 77.57 years
male: 74.67 years female: 80.61 years (2004 est.) |
| Literacy | NA | definition: age 20 and over can read and write
total population: 97% male: 97% female: 98% (1987 est.) |
| Location | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia | islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa |
| Map references | Oceania | Africa |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | none | none |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia | defense is the responsibility of the UK |
| National holiday | Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856) | Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926) |
| Nationality | noun: Norfolk Islander(s)
adjective: Norfolk Islander(s) |
noun: Saint Helenian(s)
adjective: Saint Helenian |
| Natural hazards | typhoons (especially May to July) | active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha |
| Natural resources | fish | fish |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | none |
| Population | 1,841 (July 2004 est.) | 7,415 (July 2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA | NA |
| Population growth rate | -0.01% (2004 est.) | 0.62% (2004 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade | Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Religions | Anglican 37.4%, Uniting Church in Australia 14.5%, Roman Catholic 11.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.1%, none 12.2%, unknown 17.4%, other 3.9% (1996) | Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic |
| Sex ratio | NA | at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | NA years of age |
| Telephone system | general assessment: adequate
domestic: NA international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite service planned for near future |
general assessment: can communicate worldwide
domestic: automatic network international: country code - 290; HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension Island, which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 2,532; note: a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) | 2,200 (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002) | 0 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (1998) | 0
note: television programs are received in Saint Helena via satellite and distributed by cable (2002) |
| Terrain | volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains | Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains
note: the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman (2004 est.) | 1.54 children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA | 14% (1998 est.) |
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